September 2021
The event was on
Atlantic: SEPTEMBER 14th 2021
Pacific: SEPTEMBER 16th 2021
Premiere Session
Atlantic

Time:
14th September 2021:
10.00am New York
15.00 pm London
23.00pm Tokyo
Pacific Second Session
Pacific

Time:
16th September 2021:
10.30am Tokyo
2.30am London
21.30pm New York (15th September)
KEYNOTE TALK
Permanent hitchhikers:
how human gut microbes diversified with and adapted to their hosts
Abstract:
Coevolution of humans with gut bacteria requires a shared evolutionary history. Host-microbial cophylogeny has been shown for hominids, but within humans, only the stomach bacterium Helicobacter pylori is known to have codiversified with its host. Human populations are known to harbor distinct strains of bacterial species and this is generally attributed to differences in environment and diet, however, codiversification through long-term associations could also contribute to these patterns. To test for cophylogeny between gut microbiota and their human hosts, we analyzed paired human genotypes and bacterial strain genotypes from fecal metagenomes obtained from five countries. Our results indicate that strains of common gut bacteria have transmitted vertically for thousands of generations. In accord, strains displaying patterns of cophylogeny are also shared between mothers and infants. Patterns of strain transfer between populations are consistent with an African origin for taxa showing cophylogeny. Our results indicate long-term fidelity of gut microbial strains with human populations, creating opportunities for coevolution.
Prof Ruth E. Ley
Ruth Ley is the Director of the Department of Microbiome Science at the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology and a Speaker for the Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbiomes to Fight Infection” with the University of Tuebingen, Germany. Since 2020 Ley is on the Scientific Council of the Institut Pasteur.
CV:
THE LAB:
SELECTED TALKS
Critical Assessment of Metagenome Interpretation - the second round of challenges
Quantification of gut bacterial strains following fecal transplantation
See the abstract!
Klebsiella oxytoca mediates colonization resistance against multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the gut via cooperative carbohydrate competition
See the abstract!
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Integrative analysis of gut microbiota, microbial gene expression and function coupled with metabolome to understand mechanisms that influence the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
See the abstract!
Phage induction gives insight on the Anaerobic Digestion metavirome
Alessandro Rossi
See the abstract!
The gut microbiotas influence in the development of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
See the abstract!
OPEN-ACCESS PAPER HIGHLIGHT
Statistical approaches for differential expression analysis in metatranscriptomics
See the abstract!
Precise phylogenetic analysis of microbial isolates and genomes from metagenomes using PhyloPhlAn 3.0
See the abstract!
Newly Explored Faecalibacterium Diversity Is Connected to Age, Lifestyle, Geography, and Disease
See the abstract!
Dental Biofilm Microbiota Dysbiosis Is Associated With the Risk of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
See the abstract!
HOSTED BY
ATLANTIC
PACIFIC
Maria Carmen Collado, Kelly Eckenrode, Chris Hoffman, Serena Manara, Eleonora Nigro, Svetlana Ugarcina Perovic, Nicola Segata, Levi Waldron
Luis Pedro Coelho, Amy Loughman, Serena Manara, Francine Marques, Sayaka Mizutani, Felix Salim, Carra Simpson, Levi Waldron, Takuji Yamada